Fire-Safe Landscaping
Defensible-space zones, ember-resistant design, fuel reduction, and what inspectors look for.
Defensible space zones
Ember-resistant zone (0–5 ft)
The area nearest your home is the most critical. Use hardscape, gravel, or low-combustible plants; remove mulch, leaves, and anything flammable from decks, vents, and under eaves.
Plant spacing and fuel reduction
- Space trees and shrubs so canopies don't touch
- Remove lower tree limbs (limb up) to break fuel ladders
- Keep grass mowed and remove dead material
- Maintain irrigation where allowed
Mulch choices near structures
Avoid combustible mulch (wood bark) in the 0–5 ft ember zone. Use gravel, decomposed granite, or bare soil instead. Compost mulch is acceptable beyond 5 ft.
What inspectors look for
- Clearance from structures to vegetation
- No dead or dying plants near the home
- No flammable materials under decks or eaves
- Tree limbs not overhanging the roof
- Access for emergency vehicles
How insurance may consider defensible space
Some insurers and the California FAIR Plan consider defensible space in underwriting and renewals. Maintaining zones may help, but requirements vary — confirm with your insurer and local fire authority.
Official guidance
Follow your local fire authority and CAL FIRE guidance for defensible-space requirements, which vary by jurisdiction and may be stricter than state minimums.
Defensible-space rules vary by jurisdiction and change over time. Verify with your local fire authority.
Homeowner Checklist
- Clear the 0–5 ft ember zone of flammables
- Space tree and shrub canopies
- Limb up trees to break fuel ladders
- Use gravel, not wood mulch, near the home
- Confirm requirements with your local fire authority
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